活性风味酸乳的生产方法

介绍了酸乳的保健作用及活性风味酸乳的生产方法。     

从“阜阳劣质奶粉事件”看农村的商品市场

“阜阳的劣质奶粉事件”震惊全国,笔者对商品生产、批发零售、农民购买力和市场监管等方面进行了反思,以探究农村商品市场假冒伪劣泛滥的原因,并对如何健全农村商品市场提出了自己的观点和建议。     

Great School Milk Conspiracies Revisited: Rejoinder

A re-examination and analysis ofdata in court records covering sealed-biddingpractices, market shares, incumbency rates, andprofit margins of two dairies charged with bid-riggingdisclose that Scott's analysis is flawed in severalimportant respects: reliance on selective bid data,omission of relevant bid data, and errors in reportedbids. Accordingly, Scott's hypothesis (that twodairies may have been engaged in tacit collusioninstead of overt collusion) was found to be basedlargely on conjectures, not hard data, and thus shouldbe rejected.     

Technical Efficiency Measures for Dairy Farms Based on a Probabilistic Frontler Function Model

This study reports measures of technical efficiency in milk production based on a probabilistic frontier production function model of the Cobb-Douglas type. Technical efficiency ranges between 57–69 and 100.00 percent with a mean of 82.17 percent. The results suggest that the same volume of milk produced by the farms in the sample could have been achieved with approximately 18 percent fewer resources if all farms would have operated at 100 percent technical efficiency. A major conclusion of the study is that although economies of size are slightly greater than one, farm size and technical efficiency are statistically independent variables.
Cette étude rapporte des mesures d'efficacité technique en matière de production de lait basées sur un modèle de la production frontière probabilistique de genre Cobb-Douglas. L'efficacité technique varie entre 57.69 pourcent et 100 pourcent avec une moyenne de 82.17 pourcent. Les résultats suggèrent que le volume de lait produit par les fermiers dans l'échantillon aurait pu être accompli avec environ 18 pourcent moins de ressources si tous les fermiers auraient óperé a 100 pourcent d'efficacité technique. Une des conclusions majeures est que meme si les économies d'échelle réalisées se trouvent légèrement plus importantes que l'unité, la grandeur de la ferme et l'efficacité technique sont des variables indépendentes en termes statistiques.     

内蒙古奶源供给组织模式比较分析与目标模式研究

[目的]随着生产力的发展,各种新型奶源供给组织模式应运而生,这是生产发展的必然。[方法]文章在比较研究、案例研究和实证分析基础上,对当前内蒙古奶源供给组织模式的基本经营方式进行定性比较和定量的测量,分析了当前内蒙古乳品产业链奶源供给组织模式的6种基本经营方式。[结果]研究指出:当前内蒙古奶源供给的各种模式,这些组织模式均是经营者在生产经营中处于利益诉求理性选择的结果,其各具优劣势,但从无论从组织生产、利益分配、产业化程度、销售各个方面都能充分证明,合作社将成为内蒙古奶源供给组织的主要形式和目标模式。[结论]内蒙古"奶牛专业合作社"的奶源供给组织模式的完善和普遍推进还需长期努力。     

基于杜邦分析法下中国飞鹤盈利能力的研究

随着我国新生人口数量的持续增长,市场对奶粉的需求扩大。论文以中国飞鹤为案例主体,在杜邦分析法下进行该企业的盈利能力分析。首先运用杜邦分析法对中国飞鹤的净资产收益率进行分解,剖析中国飞鹤的销售净利率、总资产周转率和权益乘数对盈利的影响与贡献;其次就中国飞鹤的销售总收入对盈利能力的积极影响进行深度分析;最后通过数据对比分析中国飞鹤盈利能力方面存在的问题,并提出相对应的建议。     

The structural effect of cooperatives on price volatility in the European dairy sector

Theoretical models and empirical evidence suggest that high market shares of cooperatives can force investor-oriented firms to pay higher producer prices within a region. In the same vein, cooperatives may force investor-oriented firms to reduce price volatility. We use panel data from 27 European Union member states over the period 2001–2015 to investigate how the market share of cooperatives in a country affects milk price volatility. Our key finding is that a higher market share of cooperatives reduces price volatility at the national level. Volatility is influenced by a number of other variables, such as fluctuation in raw milk production, oil price volatility spillover and the number of dairy processors. Policymakers should consider that the promotion of cooperatives might positively affect price stability in the dairy sector.     

奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌热抵制特性的研究

[目的]对奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌的热抵制特性进行研究.[方法]通过人工方法将单增李斯特氏菌按107cfu/mL的浓度分别添加于提前预热的60℃的灭菌蒸馏水、复水的原料粉和复水的高糖高脂奶粉中,在此温度下分别作用5min和10min,通过菌落计数分析单增李斯特氏茵的热抵制特性.[结果]在灭菌蒸馏水中单增李斯特氏菌衰减得最快,在复水的原料奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌衰减得较慢,而在复水的高糖高脂奶粉中单增李斯特氏菌衰减得最幔.[结论]奶粉中的单增李斯特氏菌具有热抵制特性,而且高糖高脂成分可提高单增李斯特氏菌的热抵制能力.     

How can trade partners be chosen when facing food scandals? China's milk scandal as a natural experiment

Using China's milk scandal as a natural experiment, this paper explores whether the countries of origin and export destinations have the same responses to the original country's food scandal. Our difference-in-difference estimation shows that the outbreak of China's milk scandal had asymmetric impacts on China's total imports (increased by 23.4%) and exports (sharply dropped by 65.8%). The results further show that China's milk scandal contributed to import increases from European and Oceanian countries. Moreover, China's milk scandal worsened exports, mainly those going to neighbouring Asian regions but increased exports to Oceania. A product quality index is constructed to explain this finding. Intuitively, consumers' perceived quality of Chinese products declined, and they tended to consume products from other countries. The lower the product quality was with those in China, the lower the perceived quality and safety, thereby affecting demand. During the scandal, Chinese consumers tended to buy high-quality dairy products from Europe and Oceania rather than the perceived unreliable dairy products produced by China or neighbouring countries. We conclude that product quality plays a key role in imports and exports when facing food scandals.